Kramer v Stone

Estoppel – Equitable estoppel – Proprietary estoppel – Proprietary estoppel by encouragement – Where promisor made promise to bequeath property to promisee – Where promisor did not further encourage promisee to rely on promise after making promise – Where promisee acted to his detriment in reliance on promise – Where promisor did not bequeath property to promisee – Whether promisee required to prove promisor undertook subsequent acts of encouragement after initial promise – Whether promisee required to prove promisor had actual knowledge that promisee would act or had acted in reliance on promise to promisee's detriment.

Words and phrases – "actual knowledge", "clear and unequivocal promise", "constructive knowledge", "detriment", "detrimental reliance", "encouragement", "encouragement from a promise", "equitable estoppel", "estoppel", "estoppel by acquiescence", "estoppel by encouragement", "estoppel by encouragement from a promise", "imperfect gift", "proprietary estoppel", "proprietary estoppel by encouragement", "reliance", "subsequent encouragement", "unconscionable".