The Constitution Wall Mural focuses on historical themes and the constitutional and appellate role of the Court. Its creator, Jan Senbergs, said in 1979 that he had attempted to evolve new images to symbolise the Court's history, functions and aspirations. He aimed to achieve a lightness and tonality in balance with the interior architecture of the High Court’s Public Hall. Senbergs explained the themes in the mural as follows:
- Panel 1 symbolises a lighthouse, throwing light, representing the search for knowledge and justice but also serving as a beacon for migrants travelling to Australia. The double shafts of the structure represent both sides of a case. The lighthouse is also a symbol for the new federal powers under the Constitution in relation to shipping, overseas trade and immigration.
- Panel 2 represents the Constitutional debates over the Australian and Southern Cross flags, and Constitutional evolution, adjustments and reforms.
- Panel 3 represents the historical figures who worked for federation under a Constitution and the establishment of the High Court of Australia.
- Panel 4 represents the rising of the seas about 18,000 years ago which shaped the land, and Aboriginal culture.
Patrick McCaughey has described Panels 3 and 4 as suggesting 'powerfully that the conception and creation of Australia as a nation-state is the drama of a human entity emerging from a difficult and recalcitrant land. History and nature collide on the Constitutional wall'. - Panel 5 represents the Australian Parliament (the old Parliament House), nationhood, legislating for the Commonwealth, and the inter-relationship between Parliament and the High Court.
- Panel 6 represents the Murray River, the rail link at Albury, and the trading vessel, 'the Cerberus'. Before federation, these were divisive elements but were later linked in an endeavour of unity, representing one of the main roles of the High Court as being the healer of state and territory divisions.